Hypoxic ischemic brain injury in adults evaluation and prognosis

Aborted sudden infant death syndrome 1. Electrocution with cardiac arrest 2.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a brain injury caused by oxygen deprivation to the brain or lack of perfusion to the brain 2 3 4.

Hypoxic ischemic brain injury in adults evaluation and prognosis. The evaluation and prognosis of patients with nontraumatic hypoxic-ischemic brain injury are reviewed here. CLINICAL STATE AND TERMINOLOGY Coma is defined as a state of pathologic unconsciousness. Patients are unaware of their environment and are unarousable.

Medline Abstract for Reference configCtrl2infocanonicalUrl of Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in adults. Evaluation and prognosis - UpToDate. BACKGROUND In assessing neurologic prognosis after cardiac arrest CA electroencephalogram EEG reactivity has not been specifically included with EEG classifications.

Most studies have divided recordings into benign and malignant. However some patterns within these groups may have greater prognostic significance than such broad classifications. We sought to explore reactivity with broad.

Considerable research continues into neurologic prognostication after hypoxic-ischemic brain injury especially with the advent of therapeutic hypothermia and its effects on the clinical examination neurophysiologic studies and serum biomarkers of brain injury. Recent reports indicate that poor motor response 72 hours after cardiac arrest absent cortical responses on median nerve somatosensory. Hypoxic ischemic injury in adults occurs mostly as a result of cerebral hypoperfusion following cardiac arrest respiratory failure drowning etc.

The grey matter structures are affected. Hypoxic brain damage also called hypoxicischemic encephalopathy is a severe consequence of global cerebral ischemia due to cardiac arrest 1 or other causes eg. Hanging strangulation poisoning with carbon monoxide or near-drowning.

Cardiac diseases are the main cause of cardiac arrests 824 and subsequent brain damage 2. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury HI-BI occurs by oxygen deprivation of the brain with survival rates in out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest of less than 10. 1 2 HI-BI is accompanied by.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy HIE is one of the most frequent and dramatic urgency found in neurological brain diseases of adults. Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in adults. Evaluation and prognosisin traumatic rather than anoxic brain injury.

One case series of 39 minimally conscious patients included seven with a primary etiology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Five years after coma onset. Hypoxic ischaemic brain injury is common and usually due to cardiac arrest or profound hypotension.

The clinical pattern and outcome depend on the severity of the initial insult the effectiveness of immediate resuscitation and transfer and the post-resuscitation management on. Hypoxic-ischemic injury HII to the brain is a devastating occurrence that frequently results in death or profound long-term neurologic disability in both children and adults. Treatment of HII consists largely of supportive care which does little to prevent the ongoing injury that occurs in the hours immediately following the causative insult.

Promising new neuroprotective strategies designed to limit. Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a brain injury caused by oxygen deprivation to the brain or lack of perfusion to the brain 2 3 4. Hypoxia is a lower-than-normal concentration of oxygen in arterial blood.

Ischemia is an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body. Areas of the brain which may be preferentially affected. Abnormal clinical neurologic findings persisting beyond the first 7-10 days of life usually indicate poor prognosis.

Among these abnormalities of muscle tone and posture hypotonia rigidity. This syndrome called anoxic-ischemic encephalopathy AIE also known as anoxic brain injury or hypoxic-ischemic coma can result in outcomes ranging from full recovery to permanent unconsciousness to death. This Fast Fact discusses prognostic factors.

Disorders of consciousness attention speed of processing and memory impairments and executive dysfunction are among the most prominent and common disturbances of cognition after HI-BI. The outcome of 25 children who had anoxic or ischemic brain injuries at 2 months to 14 years of age is reported. Follow-up was from 1 to 14 years after injury.

Causes were near-drowning 11. Electrocution with cardiac arrest 2. Aborted sudden infant death syndrome 1.

All patients were unconscious for at least 24 hours. Of 11 remaining in vegetative states. The clinical presentation of hypoxic-ischemic injury depends on the extent of hypoxia-ischemia location of the injury within the brain age the underlying cause and associated factors such as raised intracranial pressure from cerebral edema.

Acute seizures typically occur in the first 24 hours after the injury.